Review Sheet for Exam 2
| Potential Identifications: | ||
| Early National Period : Quock Walker, “politics of deference,” Articles of Confederation, Newburgh Conspiracy, Shays’ Rebellion, US Constitution, Charles Beard, An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States, federalism, the Great Compromise (the Connecticut Compromise), 3/5 Compromise, Bill of Rights, Alexander Hamilton, assumption plan, “necessary and proper” clause, broad/loose construction, strict construction, Jay’s Treaty, executive privilege, the Whiskey Rebellion, Washington’s Farewell Address. | ||
| Discontent/Conflict: “XYZ Affair,” Quasi War, Alien and Sedition Acts, Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, states rights. | . | |
| Thomas Jefferson's Presidency: Aaron Burr, Northern Confederacy, James Wilkinson, Burr Conspiracy, Louisiana Purchase, Marbury v. Madison, Samuel Chase, Judicial Review | . | |
| War of 1812: Embargo Act (1807), Non-intercourse Act (1809), impressments, Chesapeake/Leopard Affair, Battle of New Orleans, Tecumseh, Hartford Convention | ||
| 1819/Politics: Panic of 1819, Missouri Crisis, Northwest Ordinance, Missouri Compromise, “gag rule,” Denmark Vesey Rebellion, McCulloch v Maryland, Dartmouth v Woodward, Gibbons v Ogden. | ||
| Expansion: Monroe Doctrine, John Quincy Adams, Florida, Andrew Jackson, Seminoles. | ||
| Religion: Revivalism, second Great Awakening, Cane Ridge Kentucky, Charles Finney, disestablishment, Transcendentalism, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “seeds of divinity,” Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience. | ||
| Miscellaneous: ethnocentrism, Thermidorian Reaction, Haiti |
Review Questions:
1. Discuss the key differences between the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution. What was the major philosophical difference between the two?
2. What was the US’s first “constitution?” What were some of the powers granted to states and the national government? Would you say it was a locally/state oriented document or one that served national interests?
3. How were the delegates to the Constitutional Convention selected? Under whose authority did they meet?
4. How was the new constitution a document of compromises? Was it a particularly democratic document? Was it pro or anti-slavery?
5. What were some of the key differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution? In terms of philosophy, was the Constitution a locally/state oriented document, or was it oriented toward national power?
6. How did the United States resemble a “banana republic” in the early days of its existence?
7. What were the key ideas of George Washington’s “Farewell address?”
8. Account for US involvement in the War of 1812.
9. How did the post-war period, in particular the year 1819, mark a CLEAR turning point in American history?
10. Account for the broad changes in religiosity in the United States in the early part of the 19th century.
Potential Essays:
1. Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution. What were the major differences, both in how they were constructed (you must cite specific provisions from both the Articles and the Constitution demonstrating how different the two documents were) and in the philosophy embodied? What were the circumstances under which both documents were written that help account for the vast philosophical differences (hint - what was going on in the country at each moment?) How did the two documents create essentially two different forms of government? Under what authority did the Constitutional convention convene? Considering specific provisions, assess whether the Constitution was pro or anti-slavery?
2. Explain how the political order had changed in the US following the War of 1812. Thoroughly identify the Missouri Crisis, and discuss how it led to significant changes in the U.S. (conceptions about slavery, “gag rule”). Describe how the US annexed Florida, and what lesson the U.S. took from this expansion. What role did it play in the formation of the Monroe Doctrine? Identify the Monroe Doctrine, and demonstrate how it was completely different foreign policy orientation for the U.S. Discuss how after the War of 1812, capitalism was institutionalized and solidified primarily via Supreme Court rulings. Finally discuss the political implications of the Second Great Awakening (concrete nature of sin, nations commit sins and thus share in the punishment), and describe how the new found religious sense represented a distinct transformation in the U.S