Review Sheet for Exam 2
Key Terms:
Race Relations: Marcus Garvey, Separatism, UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association, pan-Africanism, Tulsa Race Riot, Rosewood, The Birth of a Nation.
Philosophies: Laissez-faire, Progressivism,
World War I : Central Powers, Allied Powers, Battle of the Somme, Zimmerman Telegram, Lusitania, Espionage and Sedition Acts, 14 Points, League of Nations, Red Scare, Schlieffen Plan, trench warfare, unrestricted submarine warfare, Verdun, war of attrition.
1920s: Red Scare, Prohibition, Scopes Trial, Sacco and Vanzetti case, Immigration Act of 1924, KKK, Palmer Raids.
Great Depression : "Horatio Alger" myth, Stock Market Crash of 1929, Florida Land Boom, John Maynard Keynes, The Economic Consequence of the Peace, Herbert Hoover, Reconstruction Finance Corp., Federal Home Loan Bank System, fascism, totalitarian communism, welfare capitalism, the New Deal, NRA/NIRA, AAA, WPA, CCC, PWA, CWA, "First 100 Days," Bonus March, SEC, FDIC, Home Loan Corp., Huey Long, Charles Coughlin, Francis Townsend, Wagner Act, NLRB, Fair Labor Standards Act (1938), Social Security Act.
Isolationism and Neutrality: Washington Naval Conference, Kellogg-Briand Pact, Nye Commission, Neutrality Acts of 1935-37, Destroyer for Land Bases Act, Cash and Carry, Lend Lease, USS Panay incident
World War II: Nazi Party, Adolph Hitler, Mein Kampf, Krystallnact, the Holocaust, “The Four Freedoms,” “Quarantine the Patients” Speech, Atlantic Charter, Pearl Harbor, Jeanette Rankin, Oveta Culp Hobby, A. Phillip Randolph, “Double-V” Campaign, Fair Employment Practices Commission, Bracero Program, Zoot Suit Riots, Internment Camps, Korematsu v US, Hirabayashi v US, Executive Order 9066, D-Day, Island Hopping, Manhattan Project.
Study Questions:
1. Why did the US declare war on Germany during World War I? In what ways did World War I endanger civil liberties? Identify the Red Scare.
2. Account for the stock market/economy's boom and then crash in 1929? Desribe how the prosperity of the 1920s was largely an illusion.
3. Discuss Franklin D. Roosevelt's response to the Great Depression.
4. One group of Americans saw its civil liberties infringed upon during World War II more than any other. Which group? What happened?
5. Why did President Truman drop the atomic bomb on Japan? What alternatives were available to him? How do Truman's supporters defend his decision? What do critics of the decision argue?
Potential Essays:
1. Discuss the coming of the Great Depression. What brought on the Great Depression? Your answer MUST include an identification of all of the following: The stock market crash, the Florida land boom, interlocking banking and corporate structures, as well as agricultural issues. What were the world-wide responses to the Great Depression? What was the US's response both before and after Franklin Roosevelt took office? Discuss the New Deal specifically. What were the major programs and what were they designed to accomplish? Identify each of the major critics of FDR and the New Deal. What were their plans/ideas? How successful were the critics (and if you argue they were not, you must still account for their importance)? Finally what was the legacy of the New Deal?
2. How was American foreign policy in the 1920s and most of the 1930s a reaction to the first world war? Your answer must discuss the Washington Naval Conference, the Kellogg-Briand Pact, as well as American popular sentiment. What were the Neutrality Acts and what prompted their passage (be specific on each count)? Finally discuss the ways in which Franklin Roosevelt, even in the midst of a Depression and anti-war sentiment, attempted to move the US away from neutrality/isolationism.