Review Sheet for Exam 2
Key Terms:
Economics: Dynamic Principle of Mass Production, “planned obsolescence,” cartel or pool, trust, holding company, Iron-law of wages, “new immigration”
Labor: American Federation of Labor, Samuel Gompers, “bread and butter” unionism, IWW, Eugene Debs.
Diplomacy/War/Imperialism: Hawaii, Queen Liluokalani, USS Maine, DeLome letter, Open Door Policy, Alfred Thayer Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, Anti-Imperialists, Teller Amendment, Samar, Major Littleton Waller, General Jacob Smith, Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. Platt Amendment, Panama Canal.
Race Relations: Marcus Garvey, Separatism, UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association, pan-Africanism, Tulsa Race Riot, Rosewood, The Birth of a Nation.
Philosophies: Laissez-faire, Progressivism,
Progressivism: Muchrackers, Sanitary Meat and Inspection, The Jungle, at-large elections, Social Gospel, 16th-19th Amendments.
World War I : Central Powers, Allied Powers, Battle of the Somme, Zimmerman Telegram, Lusitania, Espionage and Sedition Acts, 14 Points, League of Nations, Red Scare, Schlieffen Plan, trench warfare, unrestricted submarine warfare, Verdun, war of attrition.
1920s: Red Scare, Prohibition, Scopes Trial, Sacco and Vanzetti case, Immigration Act of 1924, KKK, Palmer Raids.
Great Depression : "Horatio Alger" myth, Stock Market Crash of 1929, Florida Land Boom, John Maynard Keynes, The Economic Consequence of the Peace, Herbert Hoover, Reconstruction Finance Corp., Federal Home Loan Bank System, fascism, totalitarian communism, welfare capitalism, the New Deal, NRA/NIRA, AAA, WPA, CCC, PWA, CWA, "First 100 Days," Bonus March, SEC, FDIC, Home Loan Corp., Huey Long, Charles Coughlin, Francis Townsend, Wagner Act, NLRB, Fair Labor Standards Act (1938), Social Security Act.
Isolationism and Neutrality : Washington Naval Conference, Kellogg-Briand Pact, Nye Commission, Neutrality Acts of 1935-1937.
Study Questions:
1. How did businessmen respond to economic instability during the late 19th century?
2. What factors pushed the US into imperialism?
3. Discuss the causes of the Spanish American War? What was the US policy towards Cuba and other territories after the end of the war?
4. Why did the US declare war on Germany? In what ways did World War I endanger civil liberties? Identify the Red Scare.
5. Account for the stock market/economy's boom and then crash in 1929? Desribe how the prosperity of the 1920s was largely an illusion.
6. Discuss Franklin D. Roosevelt's response to the Great Depression.
Potential Essays:
1. Trace the development of U.S. Imperialism beginning in the 1870s. What ideological factors led Americans to reject, and then ultimately embrace the idea of a global presence? What material developments led Americans to press for overseas expansion? Identify Alfred Thayer Mahan and The Influence of Sea Power Upon History and evaluate the role they played in American expansion. Assess the role Hawaii and Cuba played in Americans’ perceptions of themselves as a world power. Briefly describe U.S. actions and problems in the Philippines, and what role it had on changing the U.S.’s outlook on the notion of “empire.” Finally, what role did Americans ultimately embrace in foreign affairs (traditional empire or something else?) in the aftermath of the Philippines occupation.
2. Discuss the coming of the Great Depression. What brought on the Great Depression? Your answer MUST include an identification of all of the following: The stock market crash, the Florida land boom, interlocking banking and corporate structures, as well as agricultural issues. What were the world-wide responses to the Great Depression? What was the US's response both before and after Franklin Roosevelt took office? Discuss the New Deal specifically. What were the major programs and what were they designed to accomplish? Identify each of the major critics of FDR and the New Deal. What were their plans/ideas? How successful were the critics (and if you argue they were not, you must still account for their importance)? Finally what was the legacy of the New Deal?